: Human panels for odour evaluation are a scientific technique in cultural heritage studies, providing a sensory-based approach to analysing historical objects and environments. This panel consist of 6-8 trained assessors who systematically evaluate odours using standardized methods such as intensity scaling, descriptive profiling, and threshold determination. In the context of cultural heritage, odour analysis helps identify volatile compounds emitted by aged materials like parchment, textiles, wood, and paintings, offering insights into their composition, degradation processes, and historical authenticity. By combining human perception with analytical techniques like Gas Chromatography-Olfactometry (GC-O, see Olfactory analysis – instrumental ), researchers can reconstruct the olfactory landscapes of the past, aiding in conservation efforts and deepening our understanding of how scents shaped historical experiences. This multidisciplinary approach bridges the gap between material science and sensory history, enriching the interpretation and preservation of heritage objects.

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